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Paratrigona subnuda : ウィキペディア英語版 | Paratrigona subnuda
''Paratrigona subnuda'', commonly known as "Earth Jataí or “No-Brightness,” is a species of eusocial stingless bee in the family Apidae and tribe Meliponini. These social bees are prevalent in Neotropical Moist Forests, including Brazilian Atlantic and other Mesoamerica Forests. They inhabit spherical nests in moist underground environments with their forest habitats. Within their Neotropical habitats the ''P. subnuda'' is considered to be a very successful and common species of bee. ''P. subnuda''’s main source of food is pollen and nectar from a large variety of native Mesoamerican tropical plants. They have been extensively studied due to social conflicts arising from single mate behaviors and particular virgin behaviors. ''P. subnuda'' also exhibits the particular daily behavior in which they open the nest entrance at dawn and close the entrance at dusk when all their activities are done.〔 ==Taxonomy and phylogeny== ''P. subnuda'' belongs to the family Apidae, but far exceed the diversity and habitat distribution in comparison to honeybees. Stingless bees arose as a pivotal force in the Neotropics at the end of the Cretaceous period. ''P. subnuda'' belongs to the Meliponini tribe, which is defined by distinctive phenotypic differences of dorsal vessels. ''P. subnuda'' also belongs to the genus ''Paratrigona'' found specifically in MesoAmerica.
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